International Commission on Irrigation & Drainage Commission Interationale des Irrigation et du Drainage



(30) Systematic error
1 - An error which, for known changes in field conditions, undergoes proportional changes in magnitude and which, for unchanging conditions, remains unchanged, both in sign and magnitude. Because in given conditions, the sign of a systematic error remains the same, the separate errors in a series of measurements will be cumulative in their total effect. 2 - As opposed to a random error, an error due to assignable causes such as personal or instrumental error which is in some sense biased, that is to say, has a distribution with the mean not at zero (See 22).

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